
Self-government is honored in a relief showing
Democracy placing a wreath on the people of Athens.
It was erected in the market place to remind the citizens to value their
freedom.
"We are free and tolerant in our lives; but in public
affairs we keep to the law...We give our obedience to those whom we put in
positions of authority"
Democratic government began as a Greek concept. The Greeks heeded law and
prized order. But they also had a passion for freedom and abhorred corruption
and tyranny. Aristophanes could denounce in a play an officeholder as "This
public robber, this yawning gulf of plunder, this devouring Charybdis, this
villain, this villain, this villain." And according to law: "If
anyone rise up against the people with a view to tyranny...whoever kills
him...shall go blameless."
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PERICLES
ON DEMOCRACY
In the winter of 431-430 B.C., with the Peloponnesian War begun, Pericles made
his funeral oration. Instead of praising only the dead, he chose to extol
Athens. Below are two striving passages translated by the Scholar Rex Warner
"Our constitution is called a democracy because power is in the hands
not of a minority but of the whole people. When it is a question of settling
private disputes, everyone is equal before the law; when it is a question of
putting one person before another in positions of public responsibility, what
counts is not membership of a particular class, but the actual ability which
the man possess"
"Here each individual is interested not only in his own affairs but in
the affairs of the state as well...we do not say of a man who takes no interest
in politics is a man who minds his own business; we say that he has no business
here at all.., And this is another point where we differ from other people. We
are capable at the same time of taking risks and of estimating them beforehand.
Others are brave out of ignorance; and, when they stop to think, they begin to
fear. But the man who can most truly be accounted for is he who best knows what
is sweet in life and what is terrible, and then goes undeterred to meet what is
to come".